Chillers

Chillers

Common atmosphere of chillers Air-cooled chillers and water-cooled chillers
Water-cooled chillers use water as a heat dissipation medium and discharge heat into the air through a cooling tower. It is generally more efficient and suitable for large buildings such as hospitals or factories, with an average lifespan of more than 25 years. But it requires water resources, is more complicated to install and maintain, and has a lower noise level (70s–low 90s dBA).
Air-cooled chillers discharge heat directly into the air through a fan and do not require water, making them suitable for areas with water shortages or small facilities such as restaurants. It has lower efficiency, a lifespan of about 20 years, and higher noise (88–100+ dBA), but is simple to install and the overall system cost may be lower.

Deskripsi

Chiller have a wide range of applications, a few of which are:

Office building；
Supermarket；
Hotel, hospital；
Plastics industry；
Food industry；
Machinery industry；

Water-cooled chillers remove heat from liquid coolant through a refrigeration cycle. They are suitable for medium-to-large facilities such as airports, hospitals and hotels, with a cooling capacity of 200-3,000 tons. The working principle is that the refrigerant absorbs heat in the evaporator, the compressor compresses it into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and releases heat to the circulating water in the condenser. The heated water exchanges heat with the outside air through the cooling tower and is cooled and recirculated. Because the condensation is based on the wet bulb temperature, the efficiency is higher than the system based on the dry bulb temperature, and the energy consumption is lower (lower kW/ton value). The system components include the chiller, cooling tower, condensate pump, make-up water pump and optional thermal energy storage (TES) tank. The average equipment life is over 25 years (50% can reach 30 years, 25% can reach 40 years), the pump and cooling tower life are 15 years and 20 years respectively, and may only need to be replaced once in 50 years, with low life cycle costs. Although the unit cost is low, the total system cost is high due to the need for additional equipment

Air-cooled chillers remove heat from liquid coolant through a refrigeration cycle. They are suitable for small to medium-sized facilities such as restaurants and temporary buildings, and the cooling capacity is usually 20-500 tons. Its working principle is that the refrigerant absorbs heat in the evaporator, and the compressor compresses it into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The heat is directly discharged into the air through the fan in the condenser, and the refrigerant is reduced in pressure by the throttling device and the cycle continues. Because it is based on dry-bulb temperature condensation, its efficiency is low and energy consumption is high (high kW/ton value). The system components are simple, including only the chiller and cooling water pump, and no cooling tower or water treatment system is required. The average life of the chiller is about 20 years, and the pump life is about 15 years. It may need to be replaced twice in 50 years. Although the unit cost is high, the total system cost is low because no additional equipment is required.